Characteristics of mechanical automatic assembling machine.

In the process of mechanical automatic assembly, the transmission of basic and equipment parts to materials and equipment can be partially or completely automated. The primary purpose of mechanical equipment automation is to ensure product quality and stability, improve labor conditions, forward labor productivity, and reduce production cost. The general requirement of equipment automation is: the production volume of the product is larger; Product structure of the automatic equipment good manufacturability, such as equipment operation of wicked separability, parts a brief orientation, location, connection between parts is multi-purpose glue joint replace screw thread connection and welding, avoid to use gaskets to adjust; The selection of automatic equipment should have a better economic effect. The degree of automation of equipment operations is often determined by the economic analysis of skills.

The standardization and communication of components in the mechanical manufacturing industry in the 19th century was used in the production of small weapons and clocks, and then used in the car industry. At the beginning of the 20th century, American ford car company first established with carrying mobile car line equipment, the process fine, in the process of specialization on equipment operation, equipment cycle shortened by about 90%, down from capital. The emergence and opening of ac production and mobile device lines have made the journey of selecting automation equipment for mass production. Therefore, a series of automatic equipment such as hopper automatic feeder and screw, nut automatic tightening machine, etc. Large quantities of spare parts such as bearings, clutch, and small and medium-sized motor less brief mechanical and electrical products, equipment, process, and the cars of agricultural machinery, instruments and meters and other parts of the product spare parts, some also choose the automatic or semi-automatic equipment machine (line). But because the product structure of appropriate automation equipment is very tied, automation equipment, machine investment and adaptability for product modification more small, in the machinery manufacturing automation equipment is used only for mass production. In the '60 s, with digital control skills quickly opened, a high degree of automation and machine has great adaptability of digital control equipment, and then likely in variety in use in the batch production automation equipment. In 1982, a single factory in Japan used digital control industrial robots to automate a variety of standard dc servo motors.

The automatic transmission, automatic feeding, automatic equipment and automatic control are the main tasks of the mechanical equipment automation.

According to the transmission method of the basic parts in the equipment station, the structure of the machine (line) can be divided into two categories: rotary equipment machine and direct feed device. The rotary structure is shorter, the positioning accuracy is easy to be guaranteed, the equipment is small, and it is suitable for small and medium sized parts and products with small number of equipment parts. The base piece can be transmitted or sent intermittently, during intermittent transmission, and equipment operation is carried out when the base piece is transmitted continuously. Intermittent transmission is widely used. The structure of the straight forward type is more messy than the rotation, the number of the equipment is not tied, the more active, the floor area is large, and the basic parts are sent intermitently. According to intermittent transmission, the rhythm is divided into synchronous and asynchronous. Synchronous mode is suitable for large batch, few parts and short beat. The non-synchronous type is suitable for the equipment line of the idle beat equipment, manual equipment and automatic equipment. The transmission equipment is primarily a rotary operating table, a chain conveyor and a non-synchronous clamping device. All kinds of transmission equipment can be positioned directly or with the accompanying fixture.

The structure and characteristics of the feed hopper feed and hopper feed are similar to that of the machine tool.

Automatic equipment operation includes automatic cleaning, balancing, sorting, loading, joining and testing, sometimes including product packaging and some auxiliary processing.

Cleaning automation is to automatically transfer the parts to the cleaning machine, according to the procedures automatically end the cleaning operation, and then transport to the next procedure.

The characteristic of automatic balance is to find the balance by automatically reweighting or balancing after measuring the size and phase of the unbalance measurement. The commonly used method is to remove the unbalance by drilling or milling. With regard to small fine parts (such as gyroscope rotor, etc.), the unbalance measurement is small and can be removed by laser gasification. The automatic weight is automatically selected according to the unbalance size of the corresponding weight other balance blocks, and is fixed in the corresponding position of the balanced parts by welding or gluing method.

Automatic sorting is to measure the part's cooperation standard by automatic measurement, and the parts are automatically grouped according to the rules of several groups, so as to end the communication equipment in each corresponding group. Automatic sorting is the necessary procedure before selecting the equipment, and it is carried out on the automatic sorting machine.

Automatic loading is the most important process in automatic equipment operation. There are three methods of gravity loading, mechanical pushing and maneuvering, which can be selected according to the detailed situation. The selection of more is mechanical push-in and maneuver clamping, first to hold the parts, insist on the determination of the direction, on the base piece alignment, and then load the operation head slowly into the base piece.

The automation of threaded connection often choose screw or nut head of automated equipment, generally includes fetching, alignment, screw in and tighten, general requirements are torque control equipment, to ensure reach requirements of fastening degree of automatic detection is an important part of automatic equipment. The common test items include: the detection of the equipment process, such as checking the missing parts, whether the direction and orientation of the parts are correct and the clamping is reliable, etc.; (2) after the function of the component or product testing equipment, such as shaft runout, reverse vacancy of rotary motion accuracy and transmission equipment, starting and rotary torque, vibration noise and temperature rise compared with the standard testing according to the test result, to choose qualified or not. When the equipment is not qualified, the equipment will be automatically connected and the signal will be announced. The measured data about the function of the product is often produced by automatic printer output.

Control automatic equipment of all kinds of transmission, feeding and equipment operation procedure and mutual harmony is necessary to rely on control system in common use is arranged by CAM lever, spring and stop fixed program of control system, but when the structure of the equipment parts or products have larger when it can not adapt to changes. If choose digital control system, the device changes when a brief adjustment process especially microprocessor or electronic computers, which is good, to remember and logical operations can store various working procedures, to call at any time. This control system is suitable for small and medium sized automatic equipment.